Food Insecurity Among the Adult Population of Colombia Between 2016 and 2019: The Post Peace Agreement Situation.

BACKGROUND: In 2016, a Peace Agreement, explicitly addressing the right to food, was signed, marking the end of more than 50 years of armed conflict and the longest war in the Americas. The expectation was that the years to follow would be marked by rapid social and political change, with the potential to improve food security. OBJECTIVES: (i) Ascertain changes in the prevalence of food insecurity in Colombia between 2016 and 2019; (ii) examine which population subgroups (eg, urban women, rural women, urban men, and rural men) were most vulnerable; and (iii) determine significant individual-level factors predicting food insecurity in these 2 years. METHODS: This study used the Gallup World Poll 2016 and 2019 nationally representative samples of Colombian adults aged 15 and older for the analyses (n ≈ 1000 per year). Food insecurity was measured using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Complex Samples (version 26). RESULTS: Food insecurity in Colombia increased by 7 percentage points between 2016 and 2019 (from 33% to 40%); women living in rural areas in 2019 reported the highest prevalence (50%). Results from logistic analysis confirm low income, unemployment, and lack of social support were significant predictors of food insecurity in both years. In 2019, gender, low education, and lack of autonomy were also significant predictors. Further research on the determinants of food insecurity is necessary to inform Colombian policies and programs that address food insecurity. The urgency to act is more apparent than ever, given the country's worsening food security profile.

Democracia y ciudadania: un debate permanente para la construcción de la política pública de las mujeres / Democracy and citizenship: an ongoing debate for the construction of a public policy for women

Este texto forma parte de la reflexión y el debate entorno a los conceptos de democracia y ciudadanía desde una perspectiva feminista. El sistema económico capitalista y la lógica patriarcal son responsables de las profundas desigualdades, injusticias y opresiones en las que se encuentran millones de mujeres en el mundo. La lucha y resistencia feminista por el derecho a tener derechos se convierte en una dinámica tensa y contradictoria en escenarios que se afirman democráticos y que buscan incidir en la construcción de políticas públicas para las mujeres.

This paper is part of the reflection and debate around the concepts of democracy and citizenship from a feminist perspective. The capitalist economic system and patriarchal logic are responsible for the vast inequalities, injustices and oppressions which are millions of women worldwide. The feminist struggle and resistance for the right to have rights becomes a tense and contradictory dynamics on places that call themselves democratics which aim to influence the construction of public policies for women.